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The hand print is the ultimate signature and sign of ownership, reserved for those who successfully provided for their people. The hand print also signified the highest warrior’s coup - touching an enemy in battle. In peacetime these markings represent wisdom, responsibility, and resourcefulness; at war, they mean strength, courage and cunning. The color red represents the earth, and the blood of the people. The twists of fringe call upon the power of the whirlwind, a power among wind spirits.
The Red Hand Shield is made of rawhide over a willow hoop. A leather strap allows the shield to be flung over the shoulder or around the neck - as often worn by warriors on horseback - and an arm hold permits it to be carried, as in battle or during a dance. A medicine wheel, a personal bundle ad imitation eagle feathers empower the shield and owner, along with deer toes to bring speed and agility, beads, and bells.
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